Yasameen Al-Natrawee (R) fled Iraq with her seven-year-old daughter, Linda (L).
The former chemical engineer was granted a visa to Australia with her seven-year-old daughter, Linda, in 2019.
The Humanitarian Settlement Program, funded by the Australian Government Department of Home Affairs* and delivered by Settlement Services International, has provided Ms Al-Natrawee with wrap-around support services since she arrived.
Since moving to Australia, Ms Al-Natrawee has had a series of jobs, including delivery courier services, office administration, and private childcare.
A local resident to Fairfield in Sydney’s west, Ms Al-Natrawee, recently spoke to ABC News about how she has been severely impacted by the current lockdown, including losing work.
“Before the lockdown, I was taking care of children, and some of the homes I visited were in Fairfield and Liverpool.”
“But because of lockdown, I can’t work in another person’s house.”
As a single mother from a refugee background, Ms Al-Natrawee’s situation presents unique challenges that have hard financial implications, including not being able to ask anyone to take care of her daughter while she goes to work.
“The lockdown makes it hard to pay the bills, you know, the electricity, the internet, and the rent, you know, all these things.
“My mother lives nearby, and she could help me, but because she’s in a different household, I can’t even ask her to care for my daughter.”
Homeschooling is another challenge as it’s hard to keep her young daughter motivated when she becomes restless indoors.
“My daughter doesn’t understand why we can’t go shopping and play for longer times outside.
“It’s hard for a little girl to be inside all day, every day, only with her mother and no other children.”
Many refugee families attempting to homeschool during lockdown are finding it particularly difficult without access to suitable technology.
Technology barriers are commonplace, and, as in Ms Al-Natrawee’s case, her mobile phone is the only device with internet access at home, presenting challenges with all schooling being driven online.
“It is hard to teach my daughter on a small screen, and some documents, PDFs, don’t open properly.”
Despite already being fully vaccinated, Ms Al-Natrawee has her groceries delivered to her home to mitigate the risks of community transmission of the virus.
“I do all my shopping online and delivery, and I already got my vaccine in Olympic Park.
“I am fully vaccinated and follow all restrictions.”
Ms Al-Natrawee’s siblings work in health care. Her brother works in reception at a hospital in Sydney, often tasked with translating information into Arabic from English. Her sister is a doctor.
“Everyone in my (extended) family is fully vaccinated, and we are all trying to get the message out there in our community about the importance of getting vaccinated.”
*Go to https://homeaffairs.gov.au/ for more information.
Vaccination rates are rising, and Australians of all ages and backgrounds are eager to do their part in protecting themselves and their communities by getting a COVID-19 jab.
As vaccination rates continue to increase and we work towards the reduction of restrictions, it is critical that diverse, vulnerable communities are not left behind in gaining timely access to vaccine protection.
SSI has joined many organisations in endorsing the Australian Council for Social Service’s (ACOSS) call for urgent action from all levels of government to ensure high-risk groups are not left behind in the vaccination rollout.
As part of our advocacy and government relations engagement, members of SSI’s Executive team and I are meeting with local and state MPs and attending community forums regularly to discuss the impact of the virus, and the vaccine rollout. We are also working with ACOSS to provide insights on the challenges faced by our communities as part of Lt. General Frewen’s Operation COVID Shield Taskforce.
As part of this, we are recommending specific vaccination targets for high-risk groups and that population and location specific data be released to the public weekly at a minimum.
Some of the groups that must be kept front of mind during the vaccine rollout are individuals from refugee and asylum-seeking backgrounds, children in care, people with a disability, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples.
Earlier this month, SSI conducted a survey of more than 1,000 of our clients, mostly from refugee and asylum-seeking backgrounds living in the Greater Sydney to understand the impact of COVID-19.
Of those surveyed, 86 per cent live in a hotspot, or Local Government Area (LGA) of concern, such as Fairfield and Liverpool.
Our survey identified that just 16 per cent of our clients have received one or two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine, leaving 84 per cent unprotected against the virus.
Of those vaccinated, 21 per cent received their shots through our pop-up vaccination clinic at SSI’s Paramatta office. This clinic will recommence the vaccination of people living on temporary visas in the coming weeks.
Of unvaccinated individuals, 70 per cent said they are eager and plan to get vaccinated.
Much like the wider Australian population, the main barriers to vaccination this group include long wait times for vaccine appointments and a preference for a different vaccine than the one widely available.
Our survey results highlight that people who have experienced forced migration have similar, if not higher, levels of interest in receiving the vaccine as the Australian population.
These results also reiterate the vital importance for the government to work with community intermediaries, like SSI, to assist in the development and implementation of a vaccination strategy. Confusion about vaccine eligibility and a lack of in-language support at this stage of the rollout is a serious concern as it places the health and wellness of our communities at risk.
As outlined in the ACOSS ‘Community Sector Vaccination Principles’, non-for-profit and charity sectors are crucial arms of the health and welfare system, with highly developed service infrastructure, networks, and reach through pre-existing trusted relationships.
I am confident that the way to increase vaccination rates amongst vulnerable and hard to reach groups, as well as the wider Australian population, is by leveraging the trust and assets this sector brings to our communities.
Although necessary for the health of our country, lockdowns, like in Greater Sydney, have wide-reaching and severe impacts.
To get through this and ensure the best outcome, we must focus on the things we can control, and the ways we can positively influence the financial, physical, and emotional health of our people.
The deeply disturbing anti-lockdown protest last Saturday, was simply not the right approach. Instead to me, this act has reiterated the vital importance of distributing clear and accessible community health messages and ensuring financial support for our most vulnerable as we continue to fight this outbreak.
Unfortunately, despite strong community compliance with COVID-19 protocols, some of our states most culturally diverse Local Government Areas (LGAs) have been hardest hit by the latest outbreak.
Consequently, I have been working in collaboration with many NSW Settlement Partnership (NSP) and consortium members to secure a broadening of support offered.
As part of this, I recently joined Elfa Moraitakis, CEO, SydWest Multicultural Service and Dr Cassandra Goldie, ACOSS CEO, in calling on the government to remove the bar on disaster payments for those on social security. We also called for the government to support ACOSS’s request to increase social security benefits to $475 per week and reconsider a more collaborative approach to supporting our western-Sydney communities.
Despite the need for additional supports, I warmly welcome the $6 million dollar emergency support package for people seeking asylum that was announced by the NSW government last week and congratulate everyone involved in advocating for this funding.
This package will be key in ensuring that specialist migrant and settlement providers can continue addressing the urgent needs of vulnerable temporary visa holders who are experiencing great hardship.
In addition to the need of fiscal support, special attention needs to be paid to what information is shared with the public and how it is shared, particularly for linguistically diverse communities.
We know that community leaders are a vital asset and ambassadors for peer-to-peer communication that keeps newcomers and other diverse communities safe.
I have reached out to relevant government and civic leadership to share some of the SSI Group’s community insights, feedback, and suggestions on future COVID-19 messaging.
This has involved joining hundreds of Western Sydney community leaders to share our concerns regarding the evolving situation with Minister for Immigration, Citizenship, Migrant Services and Multicultural Affairs, Alex Hawke MP and Prime Minister, Scott Morrison.
Earlier in the month Western Sydney MRC, CORE CS, Metro Assist, and SSI also met with Premier of NSW, Gladys Berejiklian MP and several NSW Health and NSW Police representatives at the Southwest Sydney Multicultural Leaders Forum.
I would like to commend our frontline staff, NSP member organisations, and the wider multicultural and community services sector for all their efforts to support our communities at the present, and as we look ahead to the future.
Please don’t forget to visit our multicultural focused COVID-19 information portal to read plain, easy-to-understand information on COVID-19, vaccinations and the various testing, tracing, and compliance protocols.
Violet
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Adam driving his new car.
With the support of SSI’s Local Area Coordination Services (LAC) and his driving instructor, Adam has now gained his licence and purchased a modified car of his own.
Obtaining his driver’s licence has already given Adam newfound freedom and independence.
He is now able to access grocery essentials easily, has joined more social activities, and is able to independently visit his friends for the first time. Adam is also hopeful that having a driver’s licence will open new doors to mainstream employment.
It has been a long and challenging journey, but Adam’s determination and positive attitude has been key to reaching this important milestone.
In late 2015, Adam started receiving support from the National Disability Insurance Agency through the LAC program to assist him in accessing specialised driving lessons.
SSI’s Local Area Coordinators helped Adam to access his driving lessons and other forms of transport.
To Adam, gaining his licence was an opportunity to expand his independence and increase his chances of gaining employment.
Adam originally attempted to get his driver’s licence when he was 21 but was disheartened when his first instructor told him that even with car modification, he would never be able to drive.
“As a person, I don’t like being told what I am or am not capable of and what I can do —because only I know that,” said Adam.
“Getting people to give me a fair go is one of my biggest challenges in life.”
Peter Karkoulas, Adam’s second driving instructor and owner of Driver Heal, was one of the people who have truly given Adam a fair go.
For the past six years, Peter has worked with Adam to gain the skills, confidence and practice he needs to drive a modified car.
“It has been a long process, but he has now got his license and is driving, and it is brilliant,” Peter said.
Adam now has his own car with all the modifications, such as specialized hand controls, he needs to drive.
With his licence and new car ready, Adam is now planning on moving out of his family home, where he lives with his mother and siblings, and move up to the Central Coast to live independently.
Adam’s Local AreaCoordinator, Phonesavanh Souvanthong, is excited that he has got his licence and is now eager to support him in achieving his next goal of living independently.
“With Adam’s long-term goal now obtained, we are focused on supporting him to achieve other major milestones, including returning to mainstream employment and living independently,” she said.
Adam hopes his story can inspire others as an example of the power of perseverance in achieving your goals.
“I want everyone to know that you should never give up on your goals or dreams no matter how long it takes. Never say never, try your best and never let anyone stop you,” he said.
For Tatjana, the experience of leaving her life behind and rebuilding it in a new country has highlighted the importance of leveling the playing field for people who are displaced from their homelands.
Tatjana now channels this passion into her work with SSI as Project Officer and Facilitator for Ignite® Small Business Start-ups and Ignite Ability where she supports our entrepreneurial clients to build their capacity and lives.
Tatjana, her children and husband in 2021 (left). Tatjana as a baby with her family in 1977 (right).
Tatjana was born in the late 1970s in the small town of Brčko, in former Yugoslavia, or what is now Bosnia and Herzegovinia.
She explained that life was good in every way until her mother passed away in 1991, and the Yugoslav civil war broke out in 1992, shortly before her 13th birthday.
“I was too young to understand what was happening. I just remember one day in April 1992, our father packed us up and sent us to Serbia. where my mum’s family would look after us until he was able to join,” said Tatjana.
Tatjana and her siblings lived with family in Serbia for j a year, hoping they would be able to return home, but it was not to be.
In 1993, with no end of war in sight, the family sought asylum in Germany.
“I didn’t speak a word of German when we arrived. I remember feeling out of place and scared of going to school without knowing the language or having friends,” she said.
Tatjana learned a bit of the language and was enrolled in a local school in the German village of Burgthann.
To her surprise, three other children from refugee backgrounds were enrolled in her school, two of which whom were from her hometown of Brčko.
The family lived in Germany for six years, during which Tatjana attended Berufsschule, a form of education, equivalent to vocational training.
“I graduated in 1998 and remember feeling very proud to have passed all my exams in German,” she said.
In a turn of fate, Tatjana was also lucky enough to meet her now husband, who was an American soldier stationed in the country, while seeking refuge in Germany.
“At the time we met, he had just returned from my country where he was on a peace keeping mission. As destiny would have it, he was sent to Brcko. Three days after his return, we met,” she said.
This year the couple celebrated 22 years of marriage.
Tatjana in Serbia in 1993 (left). Tatjana and her husband in Germany in 1998 (right)
In early 1999, Tatjana and her family were granted a humanitarian visa to come to Australia. They left Germany quickly after, excited to start their new lives.
“I am grateful for everything Australia offered us and while I will never forget my roots and my home, Australia is my home now.”
Tatjana said that her experience as a refugee has made her realise how quickly the things we know and take for granted can be taken away from us. This has given her a unique insight into the challenges and complexities our clients can face.
She uses this experience to assist her to build connections with Ignite ® entrepreneurs, many of which are from refugee backgrounds, and encourage them to harness their potential and believe in their inner value.
“I can relate to our clients on a personal level. I hope to inspire them to realise that where there is a will, there is a way, and that focusing on now and the future will not erase the past,” said Tatjana.
“I encourage them to see our pasts as the strength they need to realise what we are capable of, and that if we can overcome losing everything and starting over, nothing is impossible.”
This is a question I’ve reflected on quite a bit since I was given the opportunity to discuss the experiences of people who have sought asylum in Australia on a panel for the Third I Festival last weekend.
People seeking asylum who arrive by boat are subject to strict deterrence measures that can have serious impacts on their quality of life.
Both major parties have continued to accept key measures to discourage boat arrivals, including mandatory detention, offshore processing, and the introduction of temporary, rather than permanent visas – even for people found to be entitled to our protection.
On the panel I was joined by two women with lived experience of forced migration– Hani and Sajeda.
Hani and Sajeda are just two of the thousands of people seeking asylum living in the Australian community. Some of these people have come to Australia by plane and sought asylum afterwards, while others, like Sajeda and Hani, braved the journey to Australia by boat.
Everyone seeking asylum in Australia will have a different experience and life story. But one of the consistent themes for individuals and families who arrived between 2009 and 2013 is that they live in a precarious position with no certainty of remaining in the country long term.
Most individuals and families in the so-called ‘legacy caseload’ do not have a pathway to permanent residency in Australia, and live either in the community or immigration detention on rolling temporary visas – even if they have been found to be refugees.
During this time, many people face a combination of language barriers, mental health challenges, chronic physical issues and limited medical support, and difficulties accessing stable employment and affordable housing. These are only compounded by the temporary nature of their visas and lack of security about their futures in Australia.
Consequently, people from a refugee background living on insecure visas experience significantly greater PTSD symptoms, depression symptoms and suicidal ideation, compared to those on a secure visa and access greater support from community organisations and charities.
I have known Sajeda for some time, initially as an SSI client and subsequently as a prolific volunteer and advocate for other refugees.
Sajeda and her family were forced to flee their village in Burma and undertook the hazardous journey to Australia by boat in 2014. After being released from detention, Sajeda quickly learnt English, threw herself into volunteer and humanitarian work, and built a life in Australia.
She also established the Australian Rohingya Women’s Development Organisation – one of only two organisations in the world that exist to support Rohingya women.
Despite all her achievements, after almost nine years of living and paying taxes in Australia, Sajeda and her family are still stuck in the limbo.
So, what can each of us do to support people seeking asylum in Australia and promote change?
One easy, cost-free, place to start is reflecting on the language we use.
Research suggests that instead of calling people ‘asylum seekers,’ it is better to identify someone as a person who has experienced forced migration or a person who is seeking asylum.
No matter how good our intentions are, reducing someone to a label makes it easier for others to dehumanise that person or group and can ignore the other facets of their identity.
Another way you can support these communities is to volunteer.
Volunteering is one of the most rewarding experiences and a fantastic way to support our community.
SSI has a volunteering program you can participate in, or you can reach out to other community organisations such as the Australian Rohingya Women’s Development Organisation to see if they need any assistance.
Another obvious way you can support people seeking asylum is to donate to the community organisations that supports them. SSI is currently running a fundraising campaign that you can find here.
Now more than ever, settlement support organisations, particularly smaller grassroots organisations like Sajeda’s, need your support, to keep providing services to the most vulnerable members of our society.
Finally, there are many organisations and groups working on initiatives to advocate for people seeking asylum that you can support.
Some fantastic organisations that you can reach out to and support include Sydney Alliance, who run an ongoing campaign to improve conditions for people seeking asylum in the wider Sydney area, and The Asylum Seeker Resource Centre, who are currently running several campaigns to promote the rights of those seeking asylum.
Doctors prepare the Pfizer vaccine before it is administered.
In just our first day of operation, approximately 40 community members seeking asylum in Australia received the Pfizer vaccine and has an optional consultation with the on-site doctor.
Western Sydney Local Health District, with the support of SSI and NSW Refugee Health, will continue to provide vaccinations out of the Parramatta office for approximately the next six weeks.
Yamamah Agha, General Manager Service Delivery – Settlement, received her own vaccination alongside community members and reiterated the value in the government collaborating with community organisations such as SSI.
“By running this initiative out of a familiar location and providing in-language support through trusted staff, we have been able to support vulnerable community members to feel comfortable taking the vaccine,” said Yamamah.
“I got the vaccine to show our clients there is no harm in this and that, in fact, it is a way of fighting the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The only way to eliminate the risk and the impact of the pandemic is to become immune, and the only safe way to do this to to get the vaccine.”
Yamamah receiving her first shot of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Thanga Chandramoulieswaran, an SSI case worker, was one of several bilingual staff and translators who supported individuals through the vaccine process last Thursday.
She shared that several of the people seeking asylum who attended vaccine appointments had additional medical conditions they had to consider when receiving the vaccine.
One of these people, Aayansh* has multiple medical concerns, including a serious heart condition. As a result, he had reasonable medical questions and was in two minds about whether he would get the vaccine.
“In preparation for his appointment, Aayansh was asked to get a medical report and bring all of his medications. Before his appointment, he had a consultation with the on-site doctor who was able to answer all his questions and give him informed advice about the safety and importance of getting the vaccine,” said Ms Chandramoulieswaran
“This gave him confidence and he agreed to get the vaccine. He was very well supported throughout the process and is doing well.”.
Individuals from asylum seeking backgrounds face several social determinates, such as limited access to in-language information, limited medical services, and food and housing insecurity, that can increase their risk of being negatively affected by COVID-19 and other viruses.
So, the preventive measure of receiving in-language information on, and access to, the COVID-19 vaccine is highly beneficial for these individuals, their communities, and consequently the wider Australian community.
If you are from an asylum-seeking background and want to learn more, contact our Parramatta office on (02) 9685 0100.
If you have questions around the COVID-19 vaccine or virus, visit SSI’s in-language community platform here: https://covid19.ssi.org.au/
*Pseudonym used to protect the individual’s privacy.
A&C Products is an organic range selling homemade products by Syrian refugee Ashod Paloulian.
When he first arrived in Australia, Mr Paloulian connected with Tennis Australia through SSI Ignite® Small Business Start-ups. Over the past few years, he has built up his tennis coaching business, Shooting Star Tennis, offering tennis lessons and coaching to people of all ages across Sydney.
He also offered free coaching lessons to refugees, as he knows the importance of community and connection, particularly for new arrivals.
However, tennis coaching is not the only string in Mr Paloulian’s bow. In 2018 he launched a second business, A&S Products, selling homemade organic products at his local markets.
“My father had lots of businesses,” Mr Paloulian said.
“He believed you should never put all your eggs in one basket”.
The family grew up on a farm, so Mr Paloulian was involved in bee-keeping, drying fruits, and roasting nuts from a young age.
The A&S range includes organic fruit, nuts, condiments, homemade organic apple cider vinegar and honey. A&S has built up a strong and loyal following over the past couple of years, and their very first product – pomegranate molasses – continues to be one of the best sellers, thanks to its rich, tangy syrup and medicinal properties.
Mr Paloulian began selling his products at the markets. Then when the COVID-19 pandemic started in 2020 and markets began to close down, he decided to launch a website so his customers could purchase his products online, which he did with the assistance of SSI Ignite®.
“At Christmas, we missed three markets [due to COVID-19 restrictions],” he said.
“We lost a lot of money, and our customers were disappointed that they had to source those foods elsewhere. It doesn’t taste as fresh or as good from the supermarkets.”
With two businesses to run and a family to care for, time is precious, but Mr Paloulian says he somehow manages to make it all work.
“It’s down to good time management, skills and trusting yourself,” he said. His wife helps run the businesses with him, and their young children are involved too.
“We talk about business at home – we talk about everything as a family – so the children are growing up around that,” he said.
“Every day me and my family, in the afternoon, we sit and talk about what we did in the day and what we will do tomorrow. What are the good things we’ve achieved and what we can do better the next day?”
The children like to taste test the products, make suggestions for packaging, and sometimes recruit friends for tennis coaching.
When asked whether he thinks his children will follow in his footsteps as entrepreneurs, he said with a smile, “You will have to ask them that.”
“By the time they are older, everything will be set up for them, but I’ve told them if you want to have a successful business, you need to think big, work hard and fight for it every day.”
Click here to visit A&S Products.
Visual artist and Iraqi refugee Raneen Shamon.
Ms Shamon said that she was no stranger to displacement. Before moving to Jordan, she had already experienced internal displacement in Iraq due to the persecution of Iraqi Christians by terrorism.
“At age two, I was displaced within Iraq, and by age ten, we were displaced a second time,” she said.
“And by the time I was fourteen and displaced for the third time in 2014 because of ISIS who entered Iraq and colonised three cities, we moved to Jordan for immigration process, and I was no stranger to this experience.”
Ms Shamon said that life in Jordan was challenging because they had not anticipated that obtaining their humanitarian visas would take four years as they had valid cause for their application.
“We didn’t think it would take long because we had already suffered a lot.”
Ms Shamon said that although she missed one full year of school in Jordan, it was during this time that she had the opportunity to practice her artistic skills.
“I stayed without school for one year, but during this year, I spent my time focused on art.”
The Shamon family were greeted by Settlement Services International (SSI) at the airport, who provided them with settlement support services on arrival.
“When we first arrived, we stayed at my mum’s uncle’s house in Granville, and we then moved to Mt Druitt.”
When asked to comment on her first few years in Australia, Ms Shamon said that when she had started at the Evans Intensive English School in Blacktown, it soon became evident to her teachers that she was proficient enough in English and recommended that she attend high school.
“They told me I could finish high school and should start year 11 at St Bishoy in Mt Druitt,” she said.
“I enjoyed the Evans school and did lots of painting while I was there; I also designed the cover of the yearly magazine in 2017.”
After graduating from high school with a ‘Dux’ – an accreditation only awarded to one student per year as recognition of outstanding academic performance – she was offered a scholarship to start her tertiary studies at the University of Sydney.
“I am now studying at uni of Sydney and in my second year of my Bachelor of Visual Arts degree.
“I do painting and charcoal, and I’m exploring installation art.”
Ms Shamon said that she was connected to SSI’s Arts and Culture program in 2019 and was mentored through its Creative Pathway and Artist Development Program, which, through a suite of workshops and networking opportunities, provided her with supports on how to develop herself as an artist in Australia.
“They helped me with my exhibition at Blacktown Arts Centre and mentored me on how to find opportunities as an artist in Australia.
“SSI also supported with art supplies by giving me a voucher to purchase my own supplies.”
When asked about her future aspirations, Ms Shamon said she’d like to take an expansive approach to her work as an artist, including facilitating workshops, exhibitions and curating works herself.
“In future, after I finish my studies, I want to have my own academy of art, run workshops, and work as an art curator.
“For now, I have four upcoming exhibitions from June until August, and I’m also running workshops.”
Click here to view Ms Shamon’s Instagram and find out more about her artworks and upcoming exhibitions.
Refugee and artist Maher Al Koury. Photo credits: Anna Kucera.
Settlement Services International (SSI) curated “Motherland – Exile/Refuge – Migration (repeat)”, an exhibition presented in partnership with ANMM, January 6–26, 2021, which included Mr Al Khory’s most recent work “Ground Zero”.
Mr Al Khoury said that he was very proud to be participating in the show, particularly as it was one of his first exhibitions since relocating to Australia and his first at a major cultural institution.
“I want to share my story and my art with Australian people. I am proud to be doing this work because I want to share my experience and my country, Syria’s, civilisation with Australians. I think this is important because Australia is a peaceful place,” he said.
As a visual artist and teacher specialising in painting and drawing, he has been a regular participant in SSI Arts & Culture’s Creative Pathways initiative since 2018.
For Mr Al Khoury, art is an essential part of life—supporting the discovery of self and the exploration of the future. This is especially valuable during times of war when there is little else to keep hope alive. It is also a vital tool for communicating his story.
“I find it difficult to express myself or describe things and my story in words. I am an artist, so I am far better at expressing [ideas] through my pictures,” Mr Al Khoury said.
His recent work commissioned for this exhibition, “Ground Zero”, tells the story of his journey as an artist losing everything due to the destruction of his homeland and arriving in Australia in search of visions of hope for a new future for himself and his family.
“War not only destroys cities and towns and objects of beauty, war defaces humanity. The effects of war can leave a person feeling empty. Art is a way out of that emptiness,” he said.
As a professional artist, Maher challenges himself to see things anew, to allow objects and subjects that appeal to him to take on identities that throw a different light on how they are perceived. He is interested in the interplay between ‘reality’ and ‘illusion’.
Mr Al Khoury’s artwork and the other pieces in the exhibition encompass rich visual and conceptual approaches to the often-conflicting understandings of migration.
You can peruse Mr Khoury’s work in the exhibition catalogue here.